Improvement in apparatus for the manufacture of bessemer steel



llrnrnn frnrns PATENT OFFICE...

HENRY CHISI-IOLM, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT lN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE 0F BESSEMER STEEL.

Sliecilicalion forming pzrt of Letters Patent No. Ell L@ l5, dated l-`l\1'u::ryv1-l, 1h71.

fo w55 wiz/072i, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY CHIsi-romr, of Oleveland,in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented' new and useful Improvements in Converti ng-Vessels for the Manufacture of Steel, of which the following is a full and complete description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making apart of this speciiication, in which Figure l is a side view of a converting-vessel. Fig. 2 is a front view of the sa me. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section. Fig. 4 is au inside view of the bottom of said vessel. Fig. 5 is a detached section.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several views.

The nature of this invention relates to a couverting vessel er retort, into which the molten iron from the furnace is received for being treated for its conversion into steel, and the object sought for is to so construct said vessel that free and convenient access can be had to the inside for preparingit for use and repairs, &c., as hereininafter more fully described.

In the drawings, Fig. 1, A represents the body of the vessel, of which B is the mouth, and C the trunnions, on which it is hung and revolved. D is the bottom, which is secured to the lower edge of the body by the screwbolts H. The bottom is so tted to the body that a section of its thickness enters within the rim of the edge, as shown at E, Fig. 3. The joint is made tight by luting at d and E,whieh luting is made of suitable nre-clay, and laid on in place before the body A and section D are united. of an inverted truncated cone down to the line at' x, from which line it proceeds downward with parallel sides F, to the lower end of which is fitted a bottom, G, in like manner as the cone-shaped bot-tom D, and secured thereto by screw-bolts I-I.

I, Fig. 3, is a diaphragm, between which and the bottom G is formed an air-chamber, J, Fig. 4, communicating with the outside by means of a flanged pipe, K, the purpose of which will presently be shown.

L, Fig. 3, are air pipes or tuyeres, a detached View of which is shown in Fig. 5. Said tuyeres consist of a number of small ilues, as shown in Figs. 4t and 5, and which are constructed of fire-clay. The upper end of said tuyeres opens into the body of the vessel,

The shape of the bottom is that whereas their lower end penetrates the diaphragm. I and opens into the air-chamber referred to. The lower end of the tuyeres is shouldered, as shown at N, Fig. 5, and rests upon the diaphragm, whereby they are supported. The end below the shoulder being smaller is inserted in holes provided for their admission. The space surrounding said tuyeyes is filled up with compact ire-clay,which, together with the tuyeres, constitutes the iioor or bed M of the vessel, and upon which the molten iron is received. rlhe trunnion C' is hollow, and is connected to the pipe K by means of a pipe indicated by the dotted lines b. Through said t-runnion and pipe the air for treating the lnolten iron is conveyed into the chamber J, thence through the tuyeres L into the body of the vessel.

The operation of this vessel in connection with the furnace is as follows: The molten iron is run from the furnace into the vessel, then converted into steel and cast into ingots in the ordinary way.

Converting-vessels as usually made are found to be diiiieult to obtain access to the inside of them for lining or repairs. 'Ihe sections composing them are taken apart, and the inside work is done by reaching therein from the outside or by going into the vessel, which is not only a matter of niuch trouble, but it is also one of great inconvenience, and which cannotbe done at all before the vessel has become cold, which usually takes some twenty-fou r hours. To avoid this trouble and the loss of time in cooling o the vessel is the purpose of constructing the vessel in the manner as above described. The body of my retort or vessel, as will he seen, is one entire piece, with no joint at or near the irunnions. Access is had to the inside by taking off the entire bot-tom D, leaving the. shell or body open below, so that the workmen can readily and easily perform all the work that may be required to be done on the inside with greater advantage and dispatch than could be were the work done in the ordinary way. The bottom being removed, the tuyeres and filling surrounding then), forming the bed M, are in the most favorable position for making all needful repairs,whieh, be` ing done, it is easily replaced and the joint E d made tight by luting, as before stated.

Should the bottom or bed of the vessel only need repairing, it is not fou-nd necessary to Wait until the vessel has become quite cold,-

for said bottom can be removed while the Vessel is yet hot, and the Work of repairing be proceeded with at once, thereby causing but little delay in the use of the vessel. So, also,

can the Walls of the vessel be repaired with.

equal dispatch, as the large opening at the bottom offers ample room to the Workmen to reach in with their implements to mend up any Weak or broken places in the lining While the Vessel is yet of considerable heat.

As above said, the bottom D is so fitted to the Vessel that a section of its thickness en ters within the edge of the rim, as shown in Fig. 3. This, however, need not necessarily HENRY CHISHOLM.

Witnesses:

W. H. BURRIDGE, J. H. BURRIDGE. 

